ダイアクリティカルマーク
読み:ダイアクリティカルマーク
外語:diacritical mark
ラテンアルファベットの上下に附される記号のこと。
概要
発音を表現したり、ある言語を書き表わしたいが従来のアルファベットで不足する時に記号を付加して別の文字として扱う、といった場合に使われる。
アフリカあたりでは独自の文字を追加する例が少なくないが、ヨーロッパ圏ではラテンアルファベットにダイアクリティカルマークを付加して文字数を補う例が多い。
特徴
主なもの
基本的には、元の字(基底文字)に付加して使う(順不同)。
- アクセント
- ウムラウト/トレマ
- オゴネク
- カンマビロー
- キャロン/ハーチェク
- ストローク/スラッシュ
- セディーユ
- ダブルアキュート
- ダブルグレーヴ
- チルダ
- ドットアバヴ(上付ドット)
- ブレーヴェ
- インバーテッドブレーヴェ
- ホーン
- マクロン
- リングアバヴ(上付リング)
- レトロフレックスフック
Unicode
Unicodeにも多数のダイアクリティカルマークが用意されている。
全てがラテンアルファベット用かは定かではないが、キリル文字用、ギリシャ文字用などと明記されていないものは、次の通りである。
- U+0300 ‐ COMBINING GRAVE ACCENT
- U+0301 ‐ COMBINING ACUTE ACCENT
- U+0302 ‐ COMBINING CIRCUMFLEX ACCENT
- U+0303 ‐ COMBINING TILDE
- U+0304 ‐ COMBINING MACRON
- U+0305 ‐ COMBINING OVERLINE
- U+0306 ‐ COMBINING BREVE
- U+0307 ‐ COMBINING DOT ABOVE
- U+0308 ‐ COMBINING DIAERESIS
- U+0309 ‐ COMBINING HOOK ABOVE
- U+030A ‐ COMBINING RING ABOVE
- U+030B ‐ COMBINING DOUBLE ACUTE ACCENT
- U+030C ‐ COMBINING CARON
- U+030D ‐ COMBINING VERTICAL LINE ABOVE
- U+030E ‐ COMBINING DOUBLE VERTICAL LINE ABOVE
- U+030F ‐ COMBINING DOUBLE GRAVE ACCENT
- U+0310 ‐ COMBINING CANDRABINDU
- U+0311 ‐ COMBINING INVERTED BREVE
- U+0312 ‐ COMBINING TURNED COMMA ABOVE
- U+0313 ‐ COMBINING COMMA ABOVE
- U+0314 ‐ COMBINING REVERSED COMMA ABOVE
- U+0315 ‐ COMBINING COMMA ABOVE RIGHT
- U+0316 ‐ COMBINING GRAVE ACCENT BELOW
- U+0317 ‐ COMBINING ACUTE ACCENT BELOW
- U+0318 ‐ COMBINING LEFT TACK BELOW
- U+0319 ‐ COMBINING RIGHT TACK BELOW
- U+031A ‐ COMBINING LEFT ANGLE ABOVE
- U+031B ‐ COMBINING HORN
- U+031C ‐ COMBINING LEFT HALF RING BELOW
- U+031D ‐ COMBINING UP TACK BELOW
- U+031E ‐ COMBINING DOWN TACK BELOW
- U+031F ‐ COMBINING PLUS SIGN BELOW
- U+0320 ‐ COMBINING MINUS SIGN BELOW
- U+0321 ‐ COMBINING PALATALIZED HOOK BELOW
- U+0322 ‐ COMBINING RETROFLEX HOOK BELOW
- U+0323 ‐ COMBINING DOT BELOW
- U+0324 ‐ COMBINING DIAERESIS BELOW
- U+0325 ‐ COMBINING RING BELOW
- U+0326 ‐ COMBINING COMMA BELOW
- U+0327 ‐ COMBINING CEDILLA
- U+0328 ‐ COMBINING OGONEK
- U+0329 ‐ COMBINING VERTICAL LINE BELOW
- U+032A ‐ COMBINING BRIDGE BELOW
- U+032B ‐ COMBINING INVERTED DOUBLE ARCH BELOW
- U+032C ‐ COMBINING CARON BELOW
- U+032D ‐ COMBINING CIRCUMFLEX ACCENT BELOW
- U+032E ‐ COMBINING BREVE BELOW
- U+032F ‐ COMBINING INVERTED BREVE BELOW
- U+0330 ‐ COMBINING TILDE BELOW
- U+0331 ‐ COMBINING MACRON BELOW
- U+0332 ‐ COMBINING LOW LINE
- U+0333 ‐ COMBINING DOUBLE LOW LINE
- U+0334 ‐ COMBINING TILDE OVERLAY
- U+0335 ‐ COMBINING SHORT STROKE OVERLAY
- U+0336 ‐ COMBINING LONG STROKE OVERLAY
- U+0337 ‐ COMBINING SHORT SOLIDUS OVERLAY
- U+0338 ‐ COMBINING LONG SOLIDUS OVERLAY
- U+0339 ‐ COMBINING RIGHT HALF RING BELOW
- U+033A ‐ COMBINING INVERTED BRIDGE BELOW
- U+033B ‐ COMBINING SQUARE BELOW
- U+033C ‐ COMBINING SEAGULL BELOW
- U+033D ‐ COMBINING X ABOVE
- U+033E ‐ COMBINING VERTICAL TILDE
- U+033F ‐ COMBINING DOUBLE OVERLINE
- U+0340 ‐ COMBINING GRAVE TONE MARK
- U+0341 ‐ COMBINING ACUTE TONE MARK
- U+0342 ‐ COMBINING GREEK PERISPOMENI
- U+0343 ‐ COMBINING GREEK KORONIS
- U+0344 ‐ COMBINING GREEK DIALYTIKA TONOS
- U+0345 ‐ COMBINING GREEK YPOGEGRAMMENI
- U+0346 ‐ COMBINING BRIDGE ABOVE
- U+0347 ‐ COMBINING EQUALS SIGN BELOW
- U+0348 ‐ COMBINING DOUBLE VERTICAL LINE BELOW
- U+0349 ‐ COMBINING LEFT ANGLE BELOW
- U+034A ‐ COMBINING NOT TILDE ABOVE
- U+034B ‐ COMBINING HOMOTHETIC ABOVE
- U+034C ‐ COMBINING ALMOST EQUAL TO ABOVE
- U+034D ‐ COMBINING LEFT RIGHT ARROW BELOW
- U+034E ‐ COMBINING UPWARDS ARROW BELOW
- U+034F ‐ COMBINING GRAPHEME JOINER
- U+0350 ‐ COMBINING RIGHT ARROWHEAD ABOVE
- U+0351 ‐ COMBINING LEFT HALF RING ABOVE
- U+0352 ‐ COMBINING FERMATA
- U+0353 ‐ COMBINING X BELOW
- U+0354 ‐ COMBINING LEFT ARROWHEAD BELOW
- U+0355 ‐ COMBINING RIGHT ARROWHEAD BELOW
- U+0356 ‐ COMBINING RIGHT ARROWHEAD AND UP ARROWHEAD BELOW
- U+0357 ‐ COMBINING RIGHT HALF RING ABOVE
- U+0358 ‐ COMBINING DOT ABOVE RIGHT
- U+0359 ‐ COMBINING ASTERISK BELOW
- U+035A ‐ COMBINING DOUBLE RING BELOW
- U+035B ‐ COMBINING ZIGZAG ABOVE
- U+035C ‐ COMBINING DOUBLE BREVE BELOW
- U+035D ‐ COMBINING DOUBLE BREVE
- U+035E ‐ COMBINING DOUBLE MACRON
- U+035F ‐ COMBINING DOUBLE MACRON BELOW
- U+0360 ‐ COMBINING DOUBLE TILDE
- U+0361 ‐ COMBINING DOUBLE INVERTED BREVE
- U+0362 ‐ COMBINING DOUBLE RIGHTWARDS ARROW BELOW
- U+0363 ‐ COMBINING LATIN SMALL LETTER A
- U+0364 ‐ COMBINING LATIN SMALL LETTER E
- U+0365 ‐ COMBINING LATIN SMALL LETTER I
- U+0366 ‐ COMBINING LATIN SMALL LETTER O
- U+0367 ‐ COMBINING LATIN SMALL LETTER U
- U+0368 ‐ COMBINING LATIN SMALL LETTER C
- U+0369 ‐ COMBINING LATIN SMALL LETTER D
- U+036A ‐ COMBINING LATIN SMALL LETTER H
- U+036B ‐ COMBINING LATIN SMALL LETTER M
- U+036C ‐ COMBINING LATIN SMALL LETTER R
- U+036D ‐ COMBINING LATIN SMALL LETTER T
- U+036E ‐ COMBINING LATIN SMALL LETTER V
- U+036F ‐ COMBINING LATIN SMALL LETTER X
- U+1DC0 ‐ COMBINING DOTTED GRAVE ACCENT
- U+1DC1 ‐ COMBINING DOTTED ACUTE ACCENT
- U+1DC2 ‐ COMBINING SNAKE BELOW
- U+1DC3 ‐ COMBINING SUSPENSION MARK
- U+1DC4 ‐ COMBINING MACRON-ACUTE
- U+1DC5 ‐ COMBINING GRAVE-MACRON
- U+1DC6 ‐ COMBINING MACRON-GRAVE
- U+1DC7 ‐ COMBINING ACUTE-MACRON
- U+1DC8 ‐ COMBINING GRAVE-ACUTE-GRAVE
- U+1DC9 ‐ COMBINING ACUTE-GRAVE-ACUTE
- U+1DCA ‐ COMBINING LATIN SMALL LETTER R BELOW
- U+1DCB ‐ COMBINING BREVE-MACRON
- U+1DCC ‐ COMBINING MACRON-BREVE
- U+1DCD ‐ COMBINING DOUBLE CIRCUMFLEX ABOVE
- U+1DCE ‐ COMBINING OGONEK ABOVE
- U+1DCF ‐ COMBINING ZIGZAG BELOW
- U+1DD0 ‐ COMBINING IS BELOW
- U+1DD1 ‐ COMBINING UR ABOVE
- U+1DD2 ‐ COMBINING US ABOVE
- U+1DD3 ‐ COMBINING LATIN SMALL LETTER FLATTENED OPEN A ABOVE
- U+1DD4 ‐ COMBINING LATIN SMALL LETTER AE
- U+1DD5 ‐ COMBINING LATIN SMALL LETTER AO
- U+1DD6 ‐ COMBINING LATIN SMALL LETTER AV
- U+1DD7 ‐ COMBINING LATIN SMALL LETTER C CEDILLA
- U+1DD8 ‐ COMBINING LATIN SMALL LETTER INSULAR D
- U+1DD9 ‐ COMBINING LATIN SMALL LETTER ETH
- U+1DDA ‐ COMBINING LATIN SMALL LETTER G
- U+1DDB ‐ COMBINING LATIN LETTER SMALL CAPITAL G
- U+1DDC ‐ COMBINING LATIN SMALL LETTER K
- U+1DDD ‐ COMBINING LATIN SMALL LETTER L
- U+1DDE ‐ COMBINING LATIN LETTER SMALL CAPITAL L
- U+1DDF ‐ COMBINING LATIN LETTER SMALL CAPITAL M
- U+1DE0 ‐ COMBINING LATIN SMALL LETTER N
- U+1DE1 ‐ COMBINING LATIN LETTER SMALL CAPITAL N
- U+1DE2 ‐ COMBINING LATIN LETTER SMALL CAPITAL R
- U+1DE3 ‐ COMBINING LATIN SMALL LETTER R ROTUNDA
- U+1DE4 ‐ COMBINING LATIN SMALL LETTER S
- U+1DE5 ‐ COMBINING LATIN SMALL LETTER LONG S
- U+1DE6 ‐ COMBINING LATIN SMALL LETTER Z
- U+1DFE ‐ COMBINING LEFT ARROWHEAD ABOVE
- U+1DFF ‐ COMBINING RIGHT ARROWHEAD AND DOWN ARROWHEAD BELOW
- U+20D0 ‐ COMBINING LEFT HARPOON ABOVE
- U+20D1 ‐ COMBINING RIGHT HARPOON ABOVE
- U+20D2 ‐ COMBINING LONG VERTICAL LINE OVERLAY
- U+20D3 ‐ COMBINING SHORT VERTICAL LINE OVERLAY
- U+20D4 ‐ COMBINING ANTICLOCKWISE ARROW ABOVE
- U+20D5 ‐ COMBINING CLOCKWISE ARROW ABOVE
- U+20D6 ‐ COMBINING LEFT ARROW ABOVE
- U+20D7 ‐ COMBINING RIGHT ARROW ABOVE
- U+20D8 ‐ COMBINING RING OVERLAY
- U+20D9 ‐ COMBINING CLOCKWISE RING OVERLAY
- U+20DA ‐ COMBINING ANTICLOCKWISE RING OVERLAY
- U+20DB ‐ COMBINING THREE DOTS ABOVE
- U+20DC ‐ COMBINING FOUR DOTS ABOVE
- U+20DD ‐ COMBINING ENCLOSING CIRCLE
- U+20DE ‐ COMBINING ENCLOSING SQUARE
- U+20DF ‐ COMBINING ENCLOSING DIAMOND
- U+20E0 ‐ COMBINING ENCLOSING CIRCLE BACKSLASH
- U+20E1 ‐ COMBINING LEFT RIGHT ARROW ABOVE
- U+20E2 ‐ COMBINING ENCLOSING SCREEN
- U+20E3 ‐ COMBINING ENCLOSING KEYCAP
- U+20E4 ‐ COMBINING ENCLOSING UPWARD POINTING TRIANGLE
- U+20E5 ‐ COMBINING REVERSE SOLIDUS OVERLAY
- U+20E6 ‐ COMBINING DOUBLE VERTICAL STROKE OVERLAY
- U+20E7 ‐ COMBINING ANNUITY SYMBOL
- U+20E8 ‐ COMBINING TRIPLE UNDERDOT
- U+20E9 ‐ COMBINING WIDE BRIDGE ABOVE
- U+20EA ‐ COMBINING LEFTWARDS ARROW OVERLAY
- U+20EB ‐ COMBINING LONG DOUBLE SOLIDUS OVERLAY
- U+20EC ‐ COMBINING RIGHTWARDS HARPOON WITH BARB DOWNWARDS
- U+20ED ‐ COMBINING LEFTWARDS HARPOON WITH BARB DOWNWARDS
- U+20EE ‐ COMBINING LEFT ARROW BELOW
- U+20EF ‐ COMBINING RIGHT ARROW BELOW
- U+20F0 ‐ COMBINING ASTERISK ABOVE
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